Volume 23 No 6 (2025)
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Understanding Quality of Life in Dementia: A Multidimensional Approach Beyond Cognition
Dr. Anu Kumari Baitha, Dr. Sadanand Khatnawliya, Dr. Narendra Meena, Dr. Jyotsna Kasotia
Abstract
Introduction-Quality of life (QoL) has seldom been investigated or explicitly measured in patients of dementia. The aim of present study was to investigate the degree to which frequently utilised metrics of various outcomes in dementia serve as suitable proxies for quality of life in dementia.
Material and methods-A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Alwar, Rajasthan during the study period of August 2024 to May 2025. Through convenient sampling a total of 500 patients were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Various tools like MMSE, NPI, ADL, GDS and DEMQOL were used to evaluate quality of life. Results were analysed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results-The mean age of patients was 71.4 ± 6.2 years. The majority were women (54.8%), resided in urban settings (63.4%), and lived with family members (61.2%). DEMQOL was positively correlated with better cognitive status (MMSE) and greater functional independence (ADL). It was negatively correlated with depression severity (GDS) and behavioral disturbances (NPI). All correlations were statistically significant. The multivariate regression model identified MMSE, ADL, GDS, and NPI scores as independent and significant predictors of quality of life in dementia. Depressive symptoms (GDS) had the strongest negative association, while cognitive function (MMSE) and functional status (ADL) were positively associated with QoL.
Conclusion- Our findings indicate that functional independence and emotional well-being, especially depressive symptoms, exert a comparably significant, if not higher, influence on perceived quality of life. Behavioural disturbances also have a harmful impact, but to a lesser degree.
Keywords
Assessment, Caregivers, Cognition, Depression, Dementia, Quality Of Life
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