Population and its growth have long been considered critical issues, attracting attention across demographic, economic, political, and social spheres, with implications analyzed from multiple perspectives. This study aims to examine the state’s responsibilities in safeguarding the population, with a particular focus on the Shia community. Employing theoretical and ijtihadi approaches alongside documentary and library research methods, the study seeks to answer the following question: What are the state’s obligations regarding family formation and the growth of the Shia population, both prior to and following family formation? The state’s responsibilities in this regard encompass both socio-cultural and economic dimensions. Failure to fulfill these obligations can lead to population decline, which in turn affects the development of religious communities, political authority, and economic progress. In recent years, the government has introduced and implemented various incentive programs to encourage population growth and childbearing. Examples include providing special benefits for working women, offering marriage loans to couples, incorporating child allowances into the salaries of employed women, and providing dedicated support packages for homemakers. Additionally, the promotion of childbirth as a religious duty is actively advocated by scholars and religious leaders.

Government responsibilities, Shia governance, state obligations, population protection, population growth, Shia