Volume 23 No 7 (2025)
Download PDF
Relationship of Early Maladaptive Schemas with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Academic Adjustment in Secondary High School Female Students
Mobina Panahzadeh, Fereshteh Afkari
Abstract
In this survey study, a questionnaire including 24 items was designed, developed and validated by the researcher on the construct of vocabulary learning strategies as used by adult EFL learners. In total, 90 Adult Azerbaijani learners of EFL were surveyed via the questionnaire. The participants were divided into three equal groups of elementary, intermediate and advanced learners of EFL. Furthermore, 15 participants were interviewed to obtain complementary data regarding the VLS they used (five participants from each level). The VLSs frequently used by elementary learners included: use of L1, bilingual dictionaries, asking teacher and classmates for word The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, generalized anxiety disorder, and academic adjustment among female students. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population included female high school students in Tabriz during the 2020–2021 academic year. A sample of 375 students was selected through multi-stage cluster sampling, based on the Morgan table. Data were collected using Young’s Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire, the Baker and Siryk Academic Adjustment Scale, and Beck’s Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory. The validity of the instruments was confirmed through face validity, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation and simple regression analysis. The correlation results revealed a significant positive relationship between early maladaptive schemas and generalized anxiety disorder (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a significant negative relationship was found between early maladaptive schemas and academic adjustment (p < 0.01). Regression analysis indicated that early maladaptive schemas significantly predicted levels of generalized anxiety and academic adjustment. These findings offer valuable insights for counselors, suggesting that assessing and addressing maladaptive schemas can aid in reducing anxiety and enhancing students' academic adjustment.
Keywords
Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Academic Adjustment, Early Maladaptive Schema.
Copyright
Copyright © Neuroquantology
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the Neuroquantology are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJECSE right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.