Introduction: Proteus species are opportunistic pathogens known to cause both community-acquired and healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). The increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance in these organisms poses a significant public health threat. Aim: To assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Proteus species isolated from various clinical specimens using conventional culture methods. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2024 and February 2024 at Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Mandana, Kanpur. Proteus isolates were obtained from clinical samples such as wound swabs, pus, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), tracheal swabs, endotracheal aspirates, vaginal swabs, blood, body fluids, ear swabs, and tissue. Phenotypic identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using standard culture techniques and disc diffusion methods in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of 100 Proteus isolates, the majority were recovered from pus (35%), wound swabs (22%), and urine samples (25%). A higher prevalence was observed in male patients (65%). Proteus mirabilis was the predominant species (89%). Among the isolates, 39% were confirmed as Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers, 20% were AmpC producers, and 1% was a carbapenemase producer. The highest antibiotic sensitivity was observed with piperacillin-tazobactam and tigecycline (100%), followed by meropenem and imipenem (98%). Conclusion: The study highlights a rising trend in antimicrobial resistance among Proteus species, primarily driven by ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase enzyme production. While initial screening tests are useful, confirmatory phenotypic testing is essential for accurate detection and effective management of resistance in clinical settings.

Antimicrobial resistance, non-lactose fermenter, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, swarming motility.