Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common cause of reversible neuropathy. Electrophysiological evaluation using nerve conduction studies (NCS) provides objective evidence of peripheral nerve involvement and helps in early diagnosis. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between January 2023 and June 2024. A total of 80 participants were enrolled, including 40 patients with confirmed vitamin B12 deficiency (serum B12 <200 pg/mL) and 40 healthy controls (serum B12 >300 pg/mL). Motor and sensory NCS were performed on median, ulnar, tibial, peroneal, and sural nerves using standard techniques. Parameters analyzed included distal latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity. Data were compared between groups using independent t-test and chi-square test, with p <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Vitamin B12 deficiency; neuropathy; nerve conduction study; sensorimotor neuropathy; electrophysiology