Background: Neonatal jaundice affects 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants in their first week. Peak bilirubin levels usually occur 72 to 96 hours post-discharge, often noticed by mothers at home. In developing countries, maternal knowledge is crucial in preventing serious outcomes. This study aims to evaluate and improve mother’s understanding to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional study taking a total of 320 mothers who delivered during the study period in Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical college and data was collected through convenient sampling method. An informal interview method was used to gather information regarding mother’s knowledge and awareness based on neonatal jaundice which was pretested by a pilot study. Results: This study assessed 320 mothers, revealing that 51.25% were from socioeconomic class II or lower, with 60.6% being multigravida and most (47.5%) aged 20-30. While 63% were aware of neonatal jaundice, knowledge of danger signs and the sclera as a visible indicator was limited. Many held traditional beliefs about treatment, such as sun exposure followed by religious healing. Conclusion: The study shows mothers lack knowledge about neonatal jaundice, highlighting the need for improved education and communication initiatives to address misconceptions.

Neonatal jaundice, kernicterus, maternal knowledge