With the rapid expansion of the Internet in the early 21st century, security has emerged as a critical concern for individuals, organizations, and governments. By 2006, widespread Internet connectivity, e-commerce, and online communication had significantly increased exposure to cyber threats. This paper examines the major Internet security challenges prevalent, including malware, phishing, hacking, and denial-of-service attacks. It also discusses the commonly adopted security mechanisms such as firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, and intrusion detection systems. The study highlights the need for user awareness and stronger security policies to mitigate emerging cyber risks in the future.

Internet Security, Challenges, Cyber Threats, Malware, Firewalls.