Background: Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disorder that gradually reshapes the liver’s architecture through fibrosis and nodule formation. Alongside the well-known complications of portal hypertension and hepatic failure, patients often exhibit significant hematological abnormalities, most commonly anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. These changes arise from mechanisms such as hypersplenism, nutritional deficiencies, and altered marrow activity. This study aimed to describe these hematological profiles in cirrhotic patients and to assess how they relate to the severity of liver disease. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 50 patients with established cirrhosis at Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital over a six‑month period. Each participant underwent a detailed clinical assessment, routine laboratory investigations, and imaging. Disease severity was graded using both Child-Pugh and MELD scoring systems. Results: Anemia was found in 82% of cases, thrombocytopenia in 68%, and leukopenia in 36%. Normocytic normochromic anemia predominated. Thrombocytopenia showed a strong association with splenomegaly (p<0.01). Higher MELD scores corresponded to more severe cytopenias, with Child-Pugh Class C patients demonstrating the greatest hematological impairment. Conclusion: Blood count abnormalities are common in cirrhosis and parallel disease severity. Identifying and managing these changes early can help improve outcomes, particularly when used to guide interventions and risk assessment.

Liver cirrhosis, hematological abnormalities, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hypersplenism, Child-Pugh score, MELD score, splenomegaly, cytopenias, blood count abnormalities.