Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common and serious complication following lower limb orthopedic surgeries, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding the incidence and risk factors is crucial for effective prevention. Aim: To determine the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 140 patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries. Baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. All patients underwent Doppler ultrasonography between postoperative days 5 and 7 to detect DVT. Incidence rates were calculated and associated risk factors analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: The overall incidence of DVT was found to vary by type of surgery, with total hip replacements having the highest incidence (20%). Significant risk factors for DVT included increased age (mean 52.7 years vs. 44.1 years; p=0.001), male sex (p=0.044), smoking (p=0.015), and longer surgical duration (p<0.001). Patients receiving thromboprophylaxis, particularly low molecular weight heparin, had significantly lower DVT incidence (8.2%) compared to those with mechanical prophylaxis or no prophylaxis (p=0.0002). Conclusion: The study highlights a substantial incidence of postoperative DVT in lower limb orthopedic surgeries and identifies key risk factors. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is effective in reducing DVT risk and should be routinely implemented to improve patient outcomes.

Deep Vein Thrombosis, Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery, Thromboprophylaxis