Background: Low birth weight (LBW), defined as birth weight less than 2500 g by the World Health Organization, remains a major public health concern and a key determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal anthropometric factors play a crucial role in influencing birth weight. Aim: To study the correlation between maternal anthropometric factors and birth weight among low birth weight infants. Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences over one year. Out of 1154 total births, 240 singleton, vaginally delivered LBW neonates without congenital anomalies were included. Maternal data including age, weight, height, and weight gain during pregnancy were collected from medical records using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, and correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: Majority of mothers (81%) were aged 20–29 years. Maternal age showed a positive correlation with birth weight up to 35 years (r=0.324). Maternal weight (r=0.323) and height (r=0.232) were positively correlated with birth weight. Birth weight increased with increasing maternal weight and height. Mean maternal weight gain was 7.87 kg and showed a linear relationship with birth weight. Maternal anemia was associated with lower birth weight. Conclusion: Maternal anthropometric parameters significantly influence birth weight. Improving maternal nutrition, monitoring weight gain, and addressing anemia during pregnancy are essential strategies to reduce the burden of low birth weight and improve neonatal outcomes.

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