Background: Blood component therapy is a cornerstone of modern critical care. Appropriate utilisation of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelets, and cryoprecipitate directly impacts patient recovery and resource management in intensive care units (ICUs). However, irrational transfusion practices continue to pose a significant challenge in developing healthcare settings, including those in eastern India.Objectives: To assess the pattern and efficacy of blood component utilisation among adult patients aged 18–40 years admitted to the ICU of a tertiary care centre in Purba Medinipur, West Bengal.Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over six months. A total of 76 patients were enrolled using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured proformas, patient records, and transfusion registers. Pre- and post-transfusion haematological parameters were recorded and analysed.Results: The majority of patients (55.3%) were males. The most commonly transfused component was PRBC (48.7%), followed by FFP (27.6%), platelets (15.8%), and cryoprecipitate (7.9%). Haemoglobin levels showed a statistically significant rise post-transfusion (pre: 6.8 ± 1.2 g/dL; post: 9.4 ± 1.1 g/dL; p < 0.05). Platelet count and INR also improved significantly after transfusion of respective components.Conclusion: Blood component therapy was found to be clinically efficacious in the ICU setting. PRBCs were the most frequently utilised component. Rational and evidence-based transfusion practices should be promoted to improve patient outcomes and conserve blood resources.

Blood components, efficacy, ICU, transfusion, cross-sectional study, Purba Medinipur, PRBC, FFP, platelets